![]() Frederick tricks Napoleon by paying him for a load of timber with counterfeit money and then invading the farm (much as Germany broke its pact and invaded the Soviet Union). Napoleon later makes a deal with Frederick (similar to the Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact shortly before World War II). He then commands the building of a second, stronger windmill, while severely cutting rations of the animals, except those of the pigs and dogs. ![]() During this period, he orders the execution of several of the animals after coercing their "confessions" of wrongdoing. When the primitive windmill collapses after a storm, due to Napoleon's poor planning (a reference to Stalin's backward approach to the Five-Year Plans), Napoleon blames Snowball and starts a wave of terror (a reference to the Great Purge). The other animals are told it was Napoleon's ideas and that Snowball had stolen it. Later on, after ostracising Snowball, Napoleon orders the construction of the windmill, which had been designed by Snowball and which Napoleon had opposed vigorously (just as Stalin opposed Trotsky's push for large scale industrialisation, then adopted it as a policy when Trotsky was in exile), so as to show the animals that he could be just as inventive as Snowball. This is the first time the dogs have been seen since Napoleon took them in and raised them to act as his secret police. When it seems Snowball will win the election for his plans, Napoleon calls in the dogs he has raised to chase Snowball from the farm. ![]() Trotsky supported Permanent Revolution (just as Snowball advocated overthrowing other farm owners), while Stalin supported socialism in one country (similar to Napoleon's idea of teaching the animals to use firearms, instead). Napoleon and Snowball mirror the relationship between Stalin and Leon Trotsky. He is presumed to be named after the French emperor Napoleon. Napoleon was based on Joseph Stalin, who ruled the Soviet Union from 1924 to 1953. The flag of Manor Farm after Napoleon takes full control
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